Showing posts with label food webs. Show all posts
Showing posts with label food webs. Show all posts

Wednesday, 24 July 2013

Feeding, fisheries and food webs - CEH paperblog 3

Our third paperblog covers cormorants, insect herbivores, England's largest lake, natural capital and water chemistry. (For those who want to know more about our paperblog concept, take a look at paperblog #1 published on 21 June).

CEH PhD student Scott McKenzie has a new paper in the Royal Society's Biology Letters, showing how two insect herbivores, an above-ground aphid and a below-ground vine weevil, may benefit in the presence of one another. According to the publishers, "This is known as feeding facilitation and is rare in nature." Read more in the paper, "Reciprocal feeding facilitation between above- and below-ground herbivores".

Dr Chris Huntingford and Dr Lindsay Banin were co-authors on two of the papers in the recent special issue of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B which looked at change in African rainforests, past, present and future. Many of the papers in the issue are open access.

CEH's lake ecology scientists have published a paper in Global Change Biology on food web de-synchronisation in England's largest lake, Windermere. Read the paper here.

Professor Rosie Hails, CEH's Science Director for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, worked with Professor Steve Ormerod of Cardiff University on an editorial for the Journal of Applied Ecology. The editorial, "Ecological science for ecosystem services and the stewardship of Natural Capital", introduced five papers in a Special Profile showing how ecologists in the UK are contributing nationally and internationally to these issues, stemming from the UK National Ecosystem Assessment - the first ever national scale exercise of its type in the world.

Dr Steven Cole of CEH and colleagues from NERC's British Geological Survey have published a new paper in the Journal of Hydrology. The paper uses a novel application of CEH's G2G model combined with geochemical sampling to understand macronutrient fluxes across a catchment.

Staying with catchment water chemistry, CEH Fellow Professor Colin Neal and long-time collaborator Professor Jim Kirchner have published a summary of their work on universal fractal scaling in stream chemistry and its implications for solute transport and water quality trend detection. It can be found in PNAS.

And finally, in the next few months the final outputs from the EU-funded Intercafe project - which aimed to improve European scientific knowledge of cormorant-fisheries interactions - will be made available. Dr David Carss, who led the Intercafe project, has a lead-author paper, "Managing European cormorant-fisheries conflicts: problems, practicalities and policy" in the journal Fisheries Management and Ecology which previews some of the work.

As always, we're very interested in your feedback, so please let us know what you think, and any improvements that could be made, by commenting on the blog or emailing us via enquiries@ceh.ac.uk.

That's it for now, more in a couple of weeks!

Barnaby Smith - CEH Media Relations Manager

Additional information


If you'd like a fuller picture of new papers from CEH, just follow the @CEHPaperAlerts Twitter feed, which lists CEH peer-reviewed papers newly published online. Full details of Centre for Ecology & Hydrology science publications, including those published in peer-reviewed science journals, are eventually catalogued on the NERC Open Research Archive (NORA).

Those of you who follow the scientific literature will know some journal websites require registration and some are subscription-only. CEH, as part of NERC, is working with publishers and funders to make more of our output open access, and we'll be indicating where this is the case.

We also publish lots of other outputs including biological records atlases and project reports. More details can be found on the publications page of our website.

Wednesday, 19 June 2013

Wee beasties star at Loch Leven Discovery Day

Midge larvae were among the tasty morsels on the menu at the recent Loch Leven Discovery Day, held on Sunday 15 June. Staff from CEH's Edinburgh site were there to join in the fun: they explained the Loch Leven food web to more than 400 visitors and helped local children pick out "wee beasties" from amongst the plants and gravels, and view them under the microscope.


Local children were able to view insects from Loch Leven under the microscope.
Photo: Laurence Carvalho



An exciting new feature this year was a live video feed from the nearby loch that showed several small fish making their screen debut. Overall, the day was a great success, with lots of interest being shown in CEH's work on the loch.

CEH staff were helped by a supporting cast of water boatmen, and of caddis, mayfly and beetle larvae, who all performed admirably to entertain the crowds. A particular highlight was a water mite voraciously eating the head of a midge larva, which enthralled local children whilst disgusting their parents!

Discovery Day is an annual event organised by Scottish Natural Heritage to entertain and educate the local community about the biodiversity living in and around Loch Leven.

Read more about CEH's work on Loch Leven on our website.

Laurence Carvalho

Thanks to Laurence Carvalho, Helen Woods and Bernard Dudley for their efforts on the day.

Scottish Natural Heritage

Tuesday, 6 March 2012

Unravelling nature's networks

Guest blog by Dr Michael Pocock of CEH.

One definition of ecology is that it is the study of the inter-relationships of animals, plants and their environment. Through these inter-relationships all species are linked together in networks of interacting species.

Rarely are the relationships between hundreds of interacting species fully explored but that is exactly what I did in a paper published in Science last week entitled "The robustness and restoration of a network of ecological networks". This was a result of research I undertook before joining CEH in a project led by Prof Jane Memmott at the University of Bristol.

We looked at the relationships of over 600 species on a single farm in Somerset in one of the most complex studies of its kind. Of course, we could not study all species, but we chose to study a wide range of animal groups that relied on plants by eating leaves, visiting (and pollinating flowers) and eating plant seeds, and we included some of the animal groups that rely on those animals, such as the fleas on seed-feeding rodents. 



A dance-fly feeding on nectar from the flowers of  cow
parsley. Photo by Dr Michael Pocock.
  

















Some of the animals we selected are UK headline indicators (birds and butterflies) and some are ecosystem service providers, which provide direct benefits to humans (such as the predatory insects that potentially provide biological pest control and the insect pollinators).

It was a huge effort to collect this data. Dozens of people helped gather the data, with ecologists spending hundreds of hours in the field sampling in all weathers and taxonomists in the lab identifying specimens.

Analysing the data provided a rich insight into the way that environmental change (such as the ways in which farmers manage their land) can affect biodiversity and the benefits nature provides.

The effect of environmental change (in all its forms) on whole networks of interacting animals and plants is one of the most pressing questions that we face today. In undertaking this research, I've found it humbling how complex and rich our natural world is, yet I have also found it sobering to discover more about its importance to us and its fragility.

Dr Michael Pocock is an ecologist at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. His current research focuses on the impact of environmental change on networks of animal and plant interactions and engaging people with ecological science through projects such as Conker Tree Science.

Additional information